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Climate Claim Checker

Dev claim · claim-2890 · #89 of 154

“Heat is continuing to build up in the subsurface ocean.”

Claim tags (sorted stems; highlighted when a passage shares them)

  • build
  • continu
  • heat
  • ocean
  • subsurfac

Annotators’ label

Not enough info Run this claim live

The model’s verdict

The Transformer retrained from the notebook (the 2024 weights were never saved), shown three ways. The first is how the notebook evaluated it.

Notebook protocol

Dev claims predicted in batches of 16, in file order, from the 2024 retrieved evidence, as the notebook does.

Supports✗ differs from the label
Supports
46.0%
Refutes
12.5%
Not enough info
26.4%
Disputed
15.1%

One claim at a time

The same model run on a single claim, which is how the Try-it page runs it.

Supports✗ differs from the label
Supports
40.0%
Refutes
11.5%
Not enough info
35.9%
Disputed
12.6%

With gold evidence

Fed the human-annotated evidence instead of retrieved passages. This is the 'val accuracy' the training loop reports.

Not enough info✓ matches the label
Supports
36.0%
Refutes
8.4%
Not enough info
43.2%
Disputed
12.5%

Retrieved vs gold evidence

Gold passages were picked by the dataset’s annotators. Retrieved passages are what the TF-IDF rule returned from all 1.19M passages. Switch between the submitted 2024 output and the re-runs.

2024 submission

The passages the team actually retrieved and submitted in 2024 (their saved output file). The file records only passage ids, so scores are recomputed with the submission rule.

Path
not recorded
Found
1 of 5 gold
P
0.17
R
0.20
F
0.18
  1. #1evidence-744635

    He continued:

    • continu (shared with the claim)
    cos
    0.478
    overlap
    1.000
    score
    1.478
    shared
    1
  2. #2evidence-449772

    We find that climate feedbacks within the Earth system amplify the strength and duration of global warming, ocean heating and oxygen depletion.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • strength
    • deplet
    • amplifi
    • feedback
    • find
    • oxygen
    • durat
    • ocean (shared with the claim)
    cos
    0.756
    overlap
    0.400
    score
    1.156
    shared
    2
  3. #3evidence-742886 gold evidence

    The end result is a continual build-up of heat at the surface that people experience as a heat wave.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • result
    • experi
    • end
    • peopl
    • surfac
    • continu (shared with the claim)
    • build (shared with the claim)
    • wave
    cos
    0.521
    overlap
    0.600
    score
    1.121
    shared
    3
  4. #4evidence-255466

    Because different climate models have slightly different patterns of ocean heating, they do not agree fully on the predictions for the contribution of ocean heating on sea level rise.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • agr
    • fulli
    • differ
    • slightli
    • ocean (shared with the claim)
    cos
    0.640
    overlap
    0.400
    score
    1.040
    shared
    2
  5. #5evidence-1144500

    This is due to the larger heat capacity of oceans and because oceans lose more heat by evaporation.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • larger
    • capac
    • due
    • evapor
    • lose
    • ocean (shared with the claim)
    cos
    0.634
    overlap
    0.400
    score
    1.034
    shared
    2
  6. #6evidence-995233

    For example, alterations to ocean processes such as thermohaline circulation play a key role in redistributing heat in the world's oceans.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • key
    • exampl
    • circul
    • redistribut
    • ocean (shared with the claim)
    • alter
    cos
    0.630
    overlap
    0.400
    score
    1.030
    shared
    2

Gold evidence (5)

  1. evidence-742886

    The end result is a continual build-up of heat at the surface that people experience as a heat wave.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • result
    • experi
    • end
    • peopl
    • surfac
    • continu (shared with the claim)
    • build (shared with the claim)
    • wave
  2. evidence-131135

    Titan is thought to have a subsurface liquid-water ocean under the ice in addition to the hydrocarbon mix that forms atop its outer crust.

    • liquid
    • titan
    • outer
    • ice
    • hydrocarbon
    • mix
    • atop
    • crust
    • thought
    • ocean (shared with the claim)
  3. evidence-71710

    Underneath the thick atmospheres of the planets Uranus and Neptune, it is expected that these planets are composed of oceans of hot high-density fluid mixtures of water, ammonia and other volatiles.

    • neptun
    • underneath
    • fluid
    • volatil
    • expect
    • mixtur
    • thick
    • densiti
    • planet
    • ammonia
  4. evidence-1020632

    Surface heat and freshwater fluxes create global density gradients that drive the thermohaline circulation part of large-scale ocean circulation.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • scale
    • flux
    • drive
    • circul
    • densiti
    • freshwat
    • gradient
    • ocean (shared with the claim)
  5. evidence-674318

    It plays an important role in supplying heat to the polar regions, and thus in sea ice regulation.

    • heat (shared with the claim)
    • ice
    • suppli
    • thu
    • regul
    • polar